Amavalvu ebhabhathaneZitholakala kakhulu ezindaweni zokusetshenziswa kwezimboni futhi ziyisici esibalulekile ekulawuleni ukugeleza koketshezi oluhlukahlukene emapayipini. Into ebalulekile okufanele uyicabangele lapho ukhetha futhi usebenzisa i-butterfly valve isilinganiso sayo esiphezulu sokucindezela. Ukuqonda lesi silinganiso kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza okuphephile nokusebenza kahle kwezinhlelo zoketshezi.
Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola umqondo wesilinganiso sokucindezela esiphezulu esingamelana nevalvu yebhabhathane, futhi sifunde umthelela ekucindezelweni okulinganiselwe kusukela ezicini ezifana nomklamo wevalvu yebhabhathane, izinto zokwakha, ukuvala, njll.
Iyini ingcindezi ephezulu kakhulu?
Isilinganiso sokucindezela esiphezulu sevalvu yebhabhathane sibhekisela ekucindezelekeni okuphezulu lapho ivalvu yebhabhathane ingasebenza khona ngokuphepha ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukusebenza kahle noma ukuphazamisa ukusebenza. Okulandelayo yizici eziningana ezinquma isilinganiso sokucindezela esiphezulu sevalvu yebhabhathane.
1. Izinto zevalvu yebhabhathane
Izinto ezisetshenziswa ukukhiqiza umzimba wevalvu, ipuleti levalvu, isiqu sevalvu kanye nesihlalo sevalvu yizinto eziyinhloko ekunqumeni izinga lokucindezela kwevalvu yevemvane. Izinto ezinamandla aphezulu okudonseka, ukumelana nokugqwala kanye nokuqina kwezinga lokushisa zingamelana nokucindezeleka okuphezulu. Isibonelo, amavalvu evemvane ensimbi engagqwali angamelana nokucindezeleka okuphezulu ngenxa yokumelana kwawo okuhle kakhulu nokugqwala.
Iisihlalo sevalvuizinto zokuvalakuzophinde kuthinte amandla okuthwala ingcindezi evalvu yebhabhathane. Isibonelo, i-EPDM, i-NBR, njll. zivame ukusetshenziswa njengezinto zokuvala irabha, kodwa amakhono azo okuthwala ingcindezi alinganiselwe. Ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezidingekayo ukumelana nengcindezi ephezulu, ezinye izinto zokuvala ezingamelani nengcindezi zingakhethwa.
2. Isakhiwo sevalvu yebhabhathane
Isakhiwo sevalvu yebhabhathane singenye into ebalulekile ethinta ingcindezi yevalvu yebhabhathane. Isibonelo, ivalvu yebhabhathane ethambile ephakathi nendawo ivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zengcindezi ephansi, okungukuthi i-PN6-PN25. Idizayini yevalvu yebhabhathane enezinhlangothi ezimbili ithuthukisa ukusebenza kokuvala ngokushintsha isakhiwo sepuleti yebhabhathane kanye nesihlalo sevalvu ukuze imelane nengcindezi enkulu.
3. Ubukhulu bodonga lomzimba we-valve yebhabhathane
Kukhona ubudlelwano obulinganayo phakathi kobukhulu bodonga lomzimba wevalvu kanye nokucindezela. Ngokuvamile lapho izinga lokucindezela levalvu likhula, umzimba wevalvu yevevuthela uba mkhulu ukuze uvumelane namandla asetshenziswayo lapho ukucindezela koketshezi kwanda.
4. Izindinganiso zokuklama ingcindezi ye-Butterfly valve
Izindinganiso zokuklama zevalvu yebhabhathane zizochaza ingcindezi ephezulu engamelana nayo. Amavalvu ebhabhathane akhiqizwa ngokuhambisana ne-API (American Petroleum Institute), i-ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers), i-ISO (International Organization for Standardization) kanye nezinye izindinganiso zemboni, futhi ahlolwa futhi ahlolwe ngokuqinile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ivalvu yebhabhathane ihlangabezana nezinga lengcindezi elibekiwe.
Ingabe Ama-Butterfly Valve Alungele Ukucindezela Okuphezulu?
Amavalvu ebhabhathane angahlukaniswa ngamavalvu ebhabhathane angenasivalo, amavalvu ebhabhathane angaphansi komfutho, amavalvu ebhabhathane aphakathi nomfutho, kanye namavalvu ebhabhathane angaphansi komfutho ophezulu ngokwengcindezi evamile.
1). Ivalvu yebhabhathane elinomshini wokuhlanza—ivavu yebhabhathane enomfutho osebenzayo ophansi kunomfutho womoya ojwayelekile.
2).Uvemvane olunomfutho ophansiivalvu—i-valve yebhabhathane ene-PN yokucindezela okulinganiselwe engaphansi kwe-1.6MPa.
3). Ivalvu yevemvane enomfutho ophakathi nendawo—ivevu yevemvane enomfutho ojwayelekile we-PN 2.5~6.4MPa.
4). Ivalvu yebhabhathane enomfutho ophezulu—ivavu yebhabhathane enomfutho ojwayelekile PN10.0~80.0MPa.
Umfutho ophezulu kakhulu wevalvu yebhabhathane ufana nomphumela weplate emfushane yebhakede. Umthamo wamanzi uncike epuletini elifushane kakhulu. Kunjalo nangenani eliphezulu lomfutho wevalvu yebhabhathane.
Ngakho-ke sinquma kanjani isilinganiso esiphezulu sokucindezela?
Inqubo yokunquma isilinganiso esiphezulu sokucindezela kwevalvu yebhabhathane iwuchungechunge lwezivivinyo ezenziwa umenzi ukuhlola ukusebenza kwevalvu nokunquma isilinganiso sayo sokucindezela. Lezi zivivinyo zingafaka:
1. Ukuhlaziywa kwezinto
Yenza ukuhlaziywa kwe-metallographic ezingxenyeni ze-butterfly valve ukuqinisekisa izakhiwo zezinto, futhi wenze ukuhlolwa kwemishini ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-butterfly valve ihlangabezana nezindinganiso ezibekiwe zamandla, ukuguquguquka, njll.
2. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Hydrostatic
I-valve icindezelwa uketshezi olungaphezu kokucindezela kwayo okuphezulu (ngokuvamile emazingeni okushisa aphezulu noma aphezulu) ukuze kuhlolwe ubuqotho besakhiwo sayo kanye nokusebenza kokuvala.
1). Ukulungiselela ngaphambi kokuhlolwa
Ngaphambi kokwenza ukuhlolwa kwe-hydraulic kwe-butterfly valve, amalungiselelo alandelayo ayadingeka:
a)Hlola ubuqotho bemishini yokuhlola ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuhlolwa kungenziwa ngokuphephile nangokujwayelekile.
b)Qiniseka ukuthi ivalvu yebhabhathane ifakwe kahle nokuthi ukuxhumana nomshini wokulinganisa ingcindezi kuvaliwe kahle.
c)Khetha iphampu yamanzi enomfutho ofanele ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umfutho wokuhlola kanye nezinga lokugeleza kuhlangabezana nezidingo.
d)Susa imfucumfucu engase ithinte imiphumela yokuhlolwa ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa futhi uqinisekise ukuthi indawo yokuhlolwa ihlanzekile futhi icocekile.
2). Izinyathelo zokuhlola
a)Okokuqala vala ivalvu kuvalvu yebhabhathane, bese uvula iphampu yamanzi, bese ukhuphula kancane kancane ingcindezi yamanzi ukuze ufinyelele ingcindezi yokuhlola.
b)Gcina ingcindezi yokuhlola isikhathi esithile bese uhlola ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvuza okuzungeze ivalvu yebhabhathane. Uma kukhona ukuvuza, kudinga ukuxazululwa ngesikhathi.
c)Ngemva kwesikhathi sokuhlola, yehlisa kancane kancane ingcindezi yamanzi bese uhlanza ivalvu yebhabhathane nomshini wokulinganisa ingcindezi ukuze ugweme amabala amanzi ngemva kokuhlola.
3). Izindlela zokuhlola
Kunezindlela ezilandelayo zokuhlola i-hydraulic valve yama-butterfly:
a)Indlela yokuhlola ingcindezi engaguquki: Misa ipompo yamanzi, gcina ingcindezi yokuhlola ihora eli-1-2, bese ubheka ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvuza okuzungeze ivalvu yebhabhathane.
b)Indlela yokuhlola ingcindezi enamandla: Ngenkathi ugcina ukugeleza kokuhlola kanye nengcindezi, vula ivalvu yebhabhathane, ubheke ukuthi ivalvu isebenza kahle yini, bese uhlola ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvuza okuzungezile.
c)Ukuhlolwa komfutho womoya: Faka umfutho womoya noma wegesi ku-valve ye-butterfly ukuze ulingise izimo zokusebenza bese uhlola impendulo yayo ekushintsheni komfutho ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekile ngaphansi kwezimo eziguquguqukayo.
d)Ukuhlolwa kokuhamba ngebhayisikili: I-valve yebhabhathane iqhutshwa ngokuphindaphindiwe phakathi kwezikhundla ezivulekile nezivaliwe ngaphansi kwezimo zokucindezela ezahlukene ukuze kuhlolwe ukuqina kwayo kanye nobuqotho bokuvala.
Kungani kufanele kunqunywe isilinganiso esiphezulu sokucindezela kwevalvu yebhabhathane?
Ukunquma isilinganiso esiphezulu sokucindezela kukuvumela ukuthi ukhethe i-butterfly valve efanele yokusetshenziswa futhi kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphephile ngaphakathi kwemingcele yokucindezela echaziwe.
1. Ukuhambisana kohlelo lokusebenza
Khetha ivalvu yebhabhathane enesilinganiso sokucindezela esidlula ingcindezi yokusebenza ephezulu engase ivele ohlelweni lwamapayipi ukuze kuvinjelwe ukugcwala ngokweqile kwevalvu yebhabhathane.
2. Izinto okufanele uzicabangele ngezinga lokushisa
Cabanga ngokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa ohlelweni loketshezi, hhayi nje ngenxa yokwanda nokuncipha kokushisa. Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lizobangela ukwanda kokucindezela koketshezi, kanti izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lizothinta izakhiwo zezinto zevalvu futhi linciphise ikhono layo lokuphatha ingcindezi.
3. Ukuvikelwa Kokukhuphuka Kwengcindezi
Faka amadivayisi okusiza ukucindezela noma ama-surge suppressor afanele ukuze unciphise ukucindezela futhi uvikele i-butterfly valve ekukhuphukeni kokucindezela okungazelelwe okungaphezu kwamandla ayo alinganiselwe.
Ngamafuphi, ingcindezi ephezulu kakhuluivalvu yebhabhathaneUkukwazi ukumelana nakho kunqunywa ukwakheka kwayo, izinto zokwakha, isakhiwo, kanye nendlela yokuvala. Isilinganiso esiphezulu sokucindezela siyipharamitha ebalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphephile nokusebenza kahle kwamavalvu ebhabhathane. Ngokuqonda izici ezithinta izilinganiso zokucindezela, ukuthi zinqunywa kanjani, kanye nomthelela wazo ekukhethweni nasekusetshenzisweni kwamavalvu ebhabhathane, ivalvu yebhabhathane efanele ingakhethwa kahle ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha nokusebenza kwevalvu yebhabhathane ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa.