1. Ivalvu yokunciphisa ingcindezi iyivalvu enciphisa ingcindezi yokungena iye kungcindezi ethile yokukhipha edingekayo ngokulungiswa, futhi ithembele emandleni e-medium ngokwayo ukuze igcine ngokuzenzakalelayo ingcindezi yokukhipha ezinzile. Ngokombono we-fluid mechanics, ivalvu yokunciphisa ingcindezi iyinto yokugoqa okungathi ukumelana kwayo kwendawo kungashintshwa, okungukuthi, ngokushintsha indawo yokugoqa, ijubane lokugeleza kanye namandla e-kinetic oketshezi kuyashintshwa, okuholela ekulahlekelweni okuhlukahlukene kwengcindezi, ukuze kufezwe injongo yokunciphisa ukucindezeleka. Bese uthembele ekulungisweni kohlelo lokulawula nokulawula ukuze kulinganiswe ukuguquguquka kwengcindezi yangemuva kwevalvu namandla entwasahlobo, ukuze ingcindezi yangemuva kwevalvu ihlale ingaguquki ngaphakathi kobubanzi obuthile bephutha.
2. I-valve yokuphepha yingxenye yokuvula nokuvala esesimweni esivame ukuvalwa ngaphansi kwesenzo samandla angaphandle. Lapho ingcindezi ephakathi emishinini noma epayipini ikhuphuka ngaphezu kwenani elibekiwe, izovimbela ingcindezi ephakathi epayipini noma emishinini ukuthi idlule inani elibekiwe ngokukhipha i-medium iye ngaphandle kohlelo. Ama-valve okuphepha angama-valve azenzakalelayo, asetshenziswa kakhulu kuma-boiler, emikhunjini yokucindezela kanye namapayipi, ukulawula ingcindezi ukuthi ingadluli inani elibekiwe, futhi idlala indima ebalulekile ekuvikeleni ukuphepha komuntu siqu kanye nokusebenza kwemishini.
2. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwevalvu yokunciphisa ingcindezi kanye nevalvu yokuphepha:
1. I-valve yokunciphisa ingcindezi iyithuluzi elinciphisa i-medium enomfutho ophezulu iye ku-medium enomfutho ophansi. Amanani okucindezela kanye nokushisa angaphakathi kwebanga elithile.
2. Amavalvu okuphepha amavalvu asetshenziselwa ukuvimbela ama-boiler, imikhumbi yokucindezela kanye neminye imishini noma amapayipi ukuthi angonakali ngenxa yokucindezela ngokweqile. Uma ingcindezi iphakeme kancane kunokucindezela okuvamile kokusebenza, ivalvu yokuphepha izovuleka ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuze kuncishiswe ingcindezi. Uma ingcindezi iphansi kancane kunokucindezela okuvamile kokusebenza, ivalvu yokuphepha ivala ngokuzenzakalelayo, iyeke ukukhipha uketshezi futhi ihlale ivala. Kalula nje, ivalvu yokuphepha iwukuvimbela ingcindezi yohlelo ukuthi idlule inani elithile, futhi isetshenziswa kakhulu ukuvikela uhlelo. Ivalvu yokunciphisa ingcindezi iwukunciphisa ingcindezi yohlelo kusukela ekucindezelweni okuphezulu kuya enanini elifunwayo, futhi ingcindezi yayo yokuphuma ingaphakathi kwebanga, inqobo nje uma ingaphakathi kwaleli banga.
3. I-valve yokuphepha kanye ne-valve yokunciphisa ingcindezi kuyizinhlobo ezimbili zama-valve, okungama-valve akhethekile. Phakathi kwawo, i-valve yokuphepha ingeyomshini wokukhulula ukuphepha, okuyi-valve ekhethekile, esebenza kuphela uma ingcindezi yokusebenza idlula ububanzi obuvunyelwe, futhi idlala indima yokuvikela ohlelweni. I-valve yokunciphisa ingcindezi iyi-valve yenqubo engakhulula izinto ezicindezela ingcindezi ephezulu ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo zengcindezi yesistimu yangemva kokucubungula. Inqubo yayo yokusebenza iyaqhubeka.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-31-2023