Ingcindezi Ejwayelekile (PN), izinga le-Class American standard pound (Lb), iyindlela yokuveza ingcindezi, umehluko ukuthi ingcindezi abayimele ihambelana nezinga lokushisa elihlukile, uhlelo lwe-PN European lubhekisela ekucindezelweni okungu-120 ° C Ingcindezi ehambisanayo, kuyilapho i-CLass American Standard ibhekisela ekucindezelweni okuhambisanayo okungu-425.5 ° C. Ngakho-ke, ekushintsheni kobunjiniyela, akunakwenzeka ukwenza ukuguqulwa kwengcindezi nje. Isibonelo, i-CLass300 kufanele ibe yi-2.1MPa ngokuguqulwa kwengcindezi okulula. Kodwa-ke, uma izinga lokushisa lokusebenza licatshangelwa, ingcindezi ehambisanayo izokhuphuka. Ngokusho kokuhlolwa kokushisa nokumelana nengcindezi kwezinto, isilinganiso silingana no-5.0MPa.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zezinhlelo zama-valve: eyodwa uhlelo "lokucindezela okujwayelekile" olumelelwa yiJalimane (kufaka phakathi iShayina) olusekelwe kungcindezi yokusebenza evumelekile ekushiseni kwegumbi (ama-degree ayi-100 ezweni lakithi kanye nama-degree ayi-120 eJalimane). Enye "uhlelo lokushisa kanye nengcindezi" olumelelwa yi-United States, olumelelwa yingcindezi yokusebenza evumelekile ekushiseni okuthile. Ohlelweni lokushisa kanye nengcindezi lwase-United States, ngaphandle kwe-150Lb, olusekelwe kuma-degree angama-260, amanye amazinga asekelwe kuma-degree angama-454. . Ukucindezeleka okuvumelekile kwe-valve yensimbi yekhabhoni yekilasi le-150-psi (150psi=1MPa) No. 25 yi-1MPa kuma-degree angama-260, kanti ukucindezeleka okuvumelekile ekushiseni kwegumbi kukhulu kakhulu kune-1MPa, cishe yi-2.0MPa. Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile, izinga lokucindezela okujwayelekile elihambisana ne-American Standard 150Lb lingu-2.0MPa, kanti izinga lokucindezela okujwayelekile elihambisana ne-300Lb lingu-5.0MPa, njll. Ngakho-ke, izinga lokucindezela okujwayelekile kanye nezinga lokushisa kanye nengcindezi alikwazi ukuguqulwa ngokungahleliwe ngokwefomula yokuguqulwa kwengcindezi.
I-PN ikhodi ehlobene nokucindezela okumelwe izinombolo, futhi iyinombolo eyindilinga elula yokubhekisela kuyo. I-PN iyinombolo ye-MPa engacindezeleki ecishe ilingane nokushisa okuvamile, okuyingcindezi evamile evame ukusetshenziswa yiAmavalvu aseShayina. Kwama-valve okulawula aneivalvu yensimbi yekhabhoniimizimba, ibhekisela ekucindezelweni kokusebenza okuphezulu okuvunyelwe uma kusetshenziswa ngaphansi kuka-200°C; ezindikimbeni zamavalvu ensimbi ephothiwe, ibhekisela ekucindezelweni kokusebenza okuphezulu okuvunyelwe uma kusetshenziswa ngaphansi kuka-120°C; Ukucindezela kokusebenza okuphezulu okuvunyelwe kokusetshenziswa okungaphansi kuka-250°C. Lapho izinga lokushisa lokusebenza likhuphuka, ukumelana kokucindezela komzimba wamavalvu kuzoncipha. Ivalvu ejwayelekile yaseMelika iveza ukucindezela okujwayelekile ngamakhilogremu, okuwumphumela wokubala izinga lokushisa elihlanganisiwe kanye nokucindezela kwensimbi ethile, ebalwa ngokwezinga le-ANSI B16.34. Isizathu esiyinhloko sokuthi isigaba samakhilogremu kanye nokucindezela okujwayelekile akuzona izinto ezihambisanayo ukuthi isisekelo sokushisa sesigaba samakhilogremu kanye nokucindezela okujwayelekile kuhlukile. Ngokuvamile sisebenzisa isofthiwe ukubala, kodwa sidinga futhi ukwazi ukuthi singawasebenzisa kanjani amathebula ukuhlola izikali. IJapane isebenzisa kakhulu inani le-K ukukhombisa izinga lokucindezela. Ngokucindezela kwegesi, eShayina, ngokuvamile sisebenzisa iyunithi yayo yesisindo "kg" ukuchaza (kunokuba "jin"), futhi iyunithi yi-kg. Iyunithi yokucindezela ehambisanayo ingu-“kg/cm2″, kanti ikhilogremu eyodwa yokucindezela isho ukuthi ikhilogremu eyodwa yamandla isebenza kusentimitha elilodwa lesikwele. Ngokufanayo, ngokuhambisana namazwe angaphandle, ngokucindezela kwegesi, iyunithi yokucindezela evame ukusetshenziswa ingu-“psi”, kanti iyunithi ingu-“1 pound/inch2″, okungukuthi “amaphawundi nge-inch yesikwele”. Igama eliphelele lesiNgisi lingu-“Pounds nge-inch yesikwele”. Kodwa livame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ukubiza ngokuqondile iyunithi yalo yobunzima, okungukuthi, iphawundi (Lb.), empeleni elingu-Lb. Lelo yi-pound-force okukhulunywe ngayo ngaphambili. Lingabalwa ngokushintsha wonke amayunithi abe amayunithi e-metric: 1 psi=1 pound/inch2 ≈0.068bar, 1 bar≈14.5psi≈0.1MPa, amazwe anjengeYurophu ne-United States asetshenziselwa ukusebenzisa i-psi njengeyunithi. Ku-Class600 kanye ne-Class1500, kunezinhlobo ezimbili ezahlukene ezihambisana nezinga laseYurophu kanye nezinga laseMelika. I-11MPa (ehambisana nekilasi elingamakhilogremu angu-600) iwumthethonqubo wesistimu yaseYurophu, ochazwe ku-“ISO 7005-1-1992 Steel Flanges”; i-10MPa (ehambisana nekilasi elingamakhilogremu angu-600) iwumthethonqubo wesistimu yaseMelika, okuyiwo umthethonqubo ku-ASME B16.5. Ngakho-ke, akunakushiwo ngokuphelele ukuthi ikilasi elingamakhilogremu angu-600 lihambisana ne-11MPa noma i-10MPa, futhi imithethonqubo yezinhlelo ezahlukene ihlukile.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ngokuyinhloko zezinhlelo zama-valve: eyodwa uhlelo "lokucindezela okujwayelekile" olumelelwa yiJalimane (kufaka phakathi izwe lami) olusekelwe kungcindezi yokusebenza evumelekile ekushiseni kwegumbi (ama-degree ayi-100 ezweni lakithi kanye nama-degree ayi-120 eJalimane). Enye uhlelo "lokushisa nokucindezela" olumelelwa yi-United States, olumelelwa yingcindezi yokusebenza evumelekile ekushiseni okuthile. Ohlelweni lokushisa nokucindezela lwe-United States, ngaphandle kwe-150Lb, olusekelwe kuma-degree angama-260, amanye amazinga asekelwe kuma-degree angama-454. Isibonelo, ukucindezeleka okuvumelekile kwe-valve yensimbi yekhabhoni engu-150Lb. 25 yi-1MPa kuma-degree angama-260, kanti ukucindezeleka okuvumelekile ekushiseni kwegumbi kukhulu kakhulu kune-1MPa, okungaba yi-2.0MPa. Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile, izinga lokucindezela okujwayelekile elihambisana ne-American Standard 150Lb lingu-2.0MPa, kanti izinga lokucindezela okujwayelekile elihambisana ne-300Lb lingu-5.0MPa, njll. Ngakho-ke, izinga lokucindezela okujwayelekile kanye nezinga lokushisa kanye nengcindezi alikwazi ukuguqulwa ngokungahleliwe ngokwefomula yokuguqulwa kwengcindezi.
Njengoba izisekelo zokushisa zengcindezi evamile kanye nesilinganiso sokucindezela zihlukile, akukho ukuxhumana okuqinile phakathi kwalokhu okubili. Ukuxhumana okungahleliwe phakathi kwalokhu okubili kuboniswe etafuleni.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-31-2023