Isihlalo sevalvu sevalvu yevelufa siyingxenye yokuvala eyinhloko ngaphakathi kwevalvu yevelufa. Umsebenzi waso oyinhloko ukuxhumana nepuleti levelufa (idiski yevalvu) bese kwakha indawo yokuvala lapho ivalvu ivaliwe ukuvimbela ukuvuza okuphakathi. Ngokukhethekile,isihlalo sevalvu yebhabhathaneingafakwa odongeni lwangaphakathi lomzimba wevalvu noma iklanyelwe ukuhlanganiswa nepuleti levemvane, ithembele ezintweni zayo kanye nesakhiwo sayo ukuze ifinyelele umphumela omuhle wokuvala.
1. Isingeniso Sokuhlukaniswa Kwesihlalo Se-Butterfly Valve
1. 1 Ukuhlukaniswa ngokwezinto ezibonakalayo
A. Isihlalo se-valve esithambile nesinwebekayo
Ngokuvamile kubhekisela ezintweni ezifana nerabha, i-silicone, i-polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
Izinzuzo: ukusebenza kahle kokuvala, impendulo esheshayo, efanelekile ekushiseni okuphansi, umfutho ophansi kanye nemidiya ebolile ephansi (ngaphandle kwe-PTFE).
Okubi: ukumelana nokuguguleka okubi, impilo yesevisi inqunyelwe ukuguga kwezinto ezibonakalayo.
B. Isihlalo se-valve yensimbi
Yenziwe ngensimbi engagqwali, insimbi yekhabhoni noma ezinye izinto zensimbi.
Izinzuzo: ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, ukumelana nokucindezela okuphezulu, ukumelana nokuguguleka okunamandla, okulungele izimo zokusebenza ezinzima.
Okubi: izidingo eziphezulu zokuvala insimbi ibe yinsimbi, ukunemba okuqinile kokucubungula kanye nezidingo zokufaka.
C. Isihlalo se-valve esihlanganisiwe
Ihlanganisa izinzuzo zensimbi nezinto ezithambile, imvamisa imboza isakhiwo sensimbi ngezinto ezinwebekayo njenge-graphite.
Akugcini nje ngokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kokuvala, kodwa futhi kuthuthukisa ukumelana nokuguguleka kanye nempilo yesevisi.
1.2. Ukuhlukaniswa ngokwesakhiwo
A. Isihlalo sangemuva esiqinile
Isihlalo sevalvu kanye nomhlane wakheke kahle, ngesakhiwo esilula, futhi indawo yokuvala ifanelana kahle nomzimba wevalvu.
Ububi balokhuisihlalo sevalvu eqinile ngemuvaukuthi uma isihlalo sevalvu sesigugile noma sesigugile, lonke ivalvu yebhabhathane kudingeka lihlukaniswe ukuze lifakwe elinye.
B. Isihlalo esithambile esisuswayo
Iisihlalo sevalvu esithambileyamukela umklamo womsila wedovetail futhi ingahlukaniswa futhi ithathelwe indawo ngokwehlukana.
Inzuzo ukuthi kulula ukuyinakekela nokwandisa impilo ye-valve ye-butterfly iyonke.
1.3. Ngokusho komklamo okhethekile
A. Ivalvu yebhabhathane eliyindilinga eliphindwe kabili
Ipuleti levemvane lihamba ngezimbazo ezimbili ezingavamile uma livaliwe ukuze kuncishiswe ukungqubuzana kokuthintana nesihlalo sevalvu.
Izinzuzo ziwukuguguleka okunciphile, isikhathi eside sokuphila kwesihlalo sama-valve, kanye nokusebenza okuthuthukisiwe kokuvala.
B. Ivalvu yebhabhathane eliyi-eccentric kathathu
Umklamo owengeziwe osekelwe ekungajwayelekile okuphindwe kabili wenza ipuleti lovemvane kanye nesihlalo sevalvu yensimbi kufinyelele ukuxhumana okunembile phakathi kwensimbi nensimbi.
Ingafinyelela umphumela wokuvuza ongewona neze futhi ifanele izimo zokusebenza ezifunwa kakhulu (njengezimo zokushisa eziphakeme kanye nemidiya yokucindezela okuphezulu).
Izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinto zesihlalo se-valve zinezakhiwo ezihlukile zomzimba nezamakhemikhali futhi zifanelekela izimo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene. Kulesi sihloko, sifunda futhi siqhathanise izinhlobo eziyinhloko, ukusebenza kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezihlalo ze-valve ezinwebekayo.
Izihlalo zamavalvu anwebekayo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu emakethe yi-NBR, EPDM, VITON (FKM), irabha yemvelo (NR), i-silicone (Silicone Rubber), i-polyurethane (PU), irabha ye-nitrile ene-hydrogenated (HNBR), i-HYPALON (CSM), i-PTFE:
2. Ukuqhathaniswa Kwezakhiwo Zesihlalo Se-Valve
| Izinto | I-NBR (Irabha ye-Nitrile) | I-EPDM (Irabha ye-Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer) | I-VITON (i-FKM/i-Fluorocarbon Rubber) | I-NR (Irabha Yemvelo) | Irabha ye-Silicone | I-PU (i-Polyurethane) | I-HNBR (Irabha ye-Nitrile ene-Hydrogenated) | I-HYPALON (i-CSM/i-Chlorosulfonated Polyethylene Rubber) | I-PTFE (i-Polytetrafluoroethylene, i-Teflon) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ukumelana Nokubola | Kuhle kakhulu | Kubi | Okuvelele (kumelana namafutha kanye namakhemikhali) | Kubi | Kubi | Okumaphakathi | Kuhle kakhulu (kumelana namafutha, uphethiloli, kanye nezinto zokugcoba) | Okumaphakathi | Kuhle kakhulu (ukumelana okuhle kakhulu kwamakhemikhali) |
| Ukumelana namakhemikhali | Iphakathi nendawo, imelana nama-asidi athambile kanye nezisekelo | Kuhle kakhulu (kumelana nama-asidi, izisekelo, kanye nama-oxidizer) | Kuhle kakhulu (kumelana nama-asidi, izisekelo, izinyibilikisi eziphilayo) | Okumaphakathi | Kuhle kakhulu (kumelana nama-oxidizer, akunabo ubuthi) | Okumaphakathi | Kuhle (kumelana nama-asidi nama-base athambile) | Kuhle kakhulu (kumelana nama-asidi, izisekelo, kanye nama-oxidizer) | Kuhle kakhulu (kumelana nawo wonke amakhemikhali) |
| Ibanga Lokushisa (°C) | -30 ~ 100 | -40 ~ 120 (kafushane kuze kufike ku-150) | -20 ~ 200 | -50 ~ 70 | -60 ~ 230 | -30 ~ 80 | -40 ~ 150 | -40 ~ 130 | -200 ~ 260 |
| Ukumelana Nokugqoka | Kuhle | Okumaphakathi | Kuhle | Kuhle kakhulu (ukumelana nokuguguleka okuphezulu) | Okumaphakathi | Kuhle kakhulu (ukumelana okuhle kakhulu nokuguguleka) | Kuhle kakhulu | Kuhle | Kubi (kuyaphela kalula) |
| Ukumelana Namanzi | Okumaphakathi | Kuhle kakhulu (kufanele amanzi ashisayo kanye nomusi) | Okumaphakathi | Kuhle | Kuhle kakhulu (izinga lokudla) | Okumaphakathi | Kuhle | Kuhle kakhulu | Kuhle kakhulu (kungangeni manzi) |
| Ukumelana Nesimo Sezulu (i-UV/i-Ozone) | Ubumpofu (ukuguga kalula) | Kuhle kakhulu (ukumelana nesimo sezulu esiphezulu) | Kuhle | Okumaphakathi | Kuhle kakhulu (ukumelana nesimo sezulu esibi kakhulu) | Okumaphakathi | Kuhle kakhulu (ukumelana nesimo sezulu esiphezulu) | Okuvelele (ukumelana nesimo sezulu okuhle kakhulu) | Kuhle kakhulu (ukumelana ne-UV nokuguga) |
| Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo | Kuhle | Kuhle kakhulu | Okumaphakathi | Kuhle kakhulu | Kuhle kakhulu | Kuhle | Kuhle kakhulu | Kuhle | Ukuqina (ukungqubuzana okuphansi) |
| Izinhlelo Eziyinhloko | Uphethiloli, uwoyela wokugcoba, izinhlelo zikawoyela we-hydraulic, izimpawu zezimboni | Izinhlelo zokuphakelwa kwamanzi kanye nokukhipha amanzi, amapayipi amakhemikhali, izinhlelo zomusi, imishini yangaphandle | Ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali okushisa okuphezulu, izinhlelo zikaphethiloli, izindiza, amakhemikhali kaphethiloli | Ukumba, imishini engagugi, ama-lining omshini | Ukudla, imithi, ukuvala ngogesi, ukusetshenziswa kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu neliphansi | Ukuvalwa kwemishini, imishini engagugi, ukumbiwa kwezimayini, izinhlelo ze-hydraulic | Amakhemikhali kaphethroli, imboni yezimoto, izivalo zikawoyela ezishisa kakhulu | Imboni yamakhemikhali, izindawo ezigqwalisayo, imishini yangaphandle, ukuvalwa okumelana ne-ozone | Amakhemikhali aqinile aqothulayo, imithi, ukuvalwa kwebanga lokudla, ukuvalwa kokushisa okuphezulu |
3. Izimo Zokusebenza Ezifanele Zezinto Zesihlalo Sevalvu
| Izinto | Ukumelana Nophethiloli/Uwoyela | Ukumelana ne-asidi/isisekelo | Ukumelana Nokushisa Okuphezulu | Ukumelana Nokushisa Okuphansi | Ukumelana Namanzi | Ukumelana Nokugqoka | Ukumelana Nesimo Sezulu (Ngaphandle, i-Ozone) | Izinga Lokudla |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I-NBR | ✔ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ✔ | ❌ | ❌ |
| I-EPDM | ❌ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ❌ | ✔ | ✔ |
| I-VITON | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ❌ | ❌ | ✔ | ✔ | ❌ |
| NR | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ❌ | ❌ |
| I-Silicone | ❌ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ❌ | ✔ | ✔ |
| PU | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ✔ | ❌ | ❌ |
| I-HNBR | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ❌ |
| I-HYPALON | ❌ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ❌ |
| I-PTFE | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ❌ | ✔ | ✔ |
4. Izincomo Zokukhetha Izinto
· Kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli, uwoyela, noma uwoyela we-hydraulic→ NBR, HNBR, VITON
· Ukumelana ne-asidi/isisekelo kanye namakhemikhali → EPDM, HYPALON, VITON, PTFE
· Ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu (>150°C)→ I-VITON, i-Silicone, i-HYPALON, i-PTFE
· Ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ezisezingeni eliphansi lokushisa (<-40°C)→ NR, Silicone, PTFE
· Ukumelana nokuguguleka okuphezulu nokuklwebheka (izimayini, imishini)→ NR, PU, HNBR
· Ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi okuphuza kanye nezinga lokudla → EPDM, Silicone, PTFE
· Ukumelana kwangaphandle kanye ne-ozone→ EPDM, HYPALON, Silicone, PTFE
5. Isiphetho
· I-NBR (i-Nitrile Rubber): Ilungele ukusetshenziswa okusekelwe ku-oyela njengophethiloli, uwoyela we-hydraulic, kodwa ayifanele amazinga okushisa aphezulu kanye nama-acid/izisekelo.
· I-EPDM (Irabha ye-Ethylene Propylene): Ilungele ukwelashwa kwamanzi, amakhemikhali, kanye nezinhlelo zomusi; imelana kakhulu nesimo sezulu kodwa ayimelani namafutha.
· I-VITON (Irabha ye-Fluorocarbon): Ilungele amazinga okushisa aphezulu, ama-asidi/izisekelo eziqinile, kanye nokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli.
· I-NR (Irabha Yemvelo): Ukumelana nokuklwebheka okuphezulu, okusetshenziswa ezimayini nasemishinini kodwa ongamelani namakhemikhali.
· Irabha ye-Silicone: Ilungele amazinga okushisa aphezulu/aphansi, ukusetshenziswa okuphephile kokudla, kodwa ayinawo amandla okuguga.
· I-PU (i-Polyurethane): Ilungele ukumelana nokuguguleka okukhulu, isetshenziswa ezivalweni ze-hydraulic kanye nezicelo zokumba.
· I-HNBR (Irabha ye-Nitrile ene-Hydrogenated): Ingcono kune-NBR ezindaweni zokushisa okuphezulu kanye nokusetshenziswa kokuguga, esetshenziswa ezimbonini ze-petrochemical.
· I-HYPALON (CSM/Chlorosulfonated Polyethylene Rubber): Ilungele ukumelana ne-acid/base kanye nokuchayeka esimweni sezulu, ilungele ukuvalwa okumelana namakhemikhali kanye ne-ozone.
· I-PTFE (i-Polytetrafluoroethylene): Imelana kakhulu namakhemikhali, ilungele amazinga okushisa aphezulu, izindawo ezigqwalisayo, kanye nokucubungula ukudla.