Emkhakheni wokulawula uketshezi lwezimboni,amavalvu ebhabhathaneidlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni, ekuqondiseni, nasekuhlukaniseni ukugeleza koketshezi, amagesi, kanye nokungcola emapayipini. Ivalvu yebhabhathane elinolaka uhlobo olulodwa lohlobo lokuxhuma, olunezilaka ezihlanganisiwe kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zomzimba wevalvu, okuvumela ukuxhumeka okuqinile okunamabholidi kuma-flange epayipi.
Indlela yokujikeleza ngekota ye-aivalvu yebhabhathane elijiyileihlukanisa kuma-valve aqondile njengama-valve esango noma e-globe, okunikeza izinzuzo ngesivinini kanye nokusebenza kahle kwesikhala.
Lesi sihloko sizohlola imininingwane yamavalvu ebhabhathane acwebezelayo, sihlanganisa ukwakheka kwawo, izinhlobo, izinto zokwakha, izinhlelo zokusebenza, izinzuzo kanye nokungalungi, ukufakwa, ukulungiswa, ukuqhathanisa namanye amavalvu, kanye nezitayela zesikhathi esizayo.
1. Incazelo kanye nesimiso sokusebenza
Ivalvu yebhabhathane egobile iyivalvu yokunyakaza ejikelezayo engama-degree angu-90 ebonakala ngediski elawula ukugeleza koketshezi ngokujikeleza kwesiqu. Umzimba wevalvu unama-flange kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zokuxhuma okuqondile kwebhawodi epayipini. Amavalvu ebhabhathane e-Flange aqukethe ama-flange aphakanyisiwe noma ayisicaba anezimbobo zebhawodi, ahlinzeka ngoxhumano oluqinile noluzinzile olufanele ukusetshenziswa okuphansi, okuphakathi, kanye nokucindezela okuphezulu, kanye nobubanzi obuncane, obuphakathi, nobukhulu.
Isimiso sokusebenza silula futhi siyasebenza. I-valve yakhiwe umzimba we-valve, idiski ye-valve, isiqu se-valve, isihlalo se-valve, kanye ne-actuator. Uma kusetshenziswa isibambo noma igiya, noma isiqu se-valve sijikeleziswa yi-actuator ezenzakalelayo, idiski ye-valve ijikeleza isuka endaweni ehambisana nendlela yokugeleza (evulekile ngokugcwele) iye endaweni eqondile (evaliwe ngokuphelele). Endaweni evulekile, idiski ye-valve ihambisana ne-axis yepayipi, inciphisa ukumelana nokugeleza kanye nokulahlekelwa yingcindezi. Uma ivaliwe, idiski ye-valve iyavala esihlalweni esingaphakathi komzimba we-valve.
Le ndlela ivumela ukusebenza kwevalvu okusheshayo, ngokuvamile okudinga ukujikeleza kwamadigri angu-90 kuphela, okwenza kube ngokushesha kunamavalvu ajikajika kaningi. Amavalvu ebhabhathane anombala okhanyayo angaphatha ukugeleza okuya ohlangothini lwesibili futhi ngokuvamile afakwe izihlalo eziqinile noma zensimbi ukuqinisekisa ukuvalwa okuqinile. Ukwakheka kwawo kuwenza afaneleke kakhulu ezinhlelweni ezidinga ukushintsha njalo noma lapho isikhala silinganiselwe khona.
2. Izingxenye
Izingxenye eziyinhloko zifaka:
- Umzimba weValve: Indlu yangaphandle, ngokuvamile eyakhiwe ngama-flange amabili, inikeza ukuxhumana kwesakhiwo futhi igcina izingxenye zangaphakathi. Insimbi yekhabhoni isetshenziselwa ukusetshenziswa okuvamile, insimbi engagqwali yokumelana nokugqwala, ithusi le-nickel-aluminium ezindaweni zasolwandle, kanye nensimbi ye-alloy ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu.
- Idiski Yevalvu:Into ejikelezayo, etholakala ngemiklamo ehlelekile noma eyisicaba, ilawula ukugeleza. Idiski ingafakwa phakathi noma ibekwe eceleni ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza. Insimbi engagqwali, ithusi le-aluminium, noma imbozwe nge-nylon ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana nokuguguleka.
- Isiqu: Umgodi oxhumanisa idiski yevalvu ne-actuator udlulisa amandla okujikeleza. Insimbi engagqwali noma ama-alloy anamandla aphezulu amelana ne-torque.
Iziqu ezisebenzisa umgodi odlulayo noma izingcezu ezimbili zivame ukusetshenziswa, zifakwe izivalo zokuvimbela ukuvuza.
- Isihlalo: Ubuso bokuvala benziwe ngezinto ezithambile njenge-EPDM noma i-PTFE. EPDM (-20)°F kuya ku-250°F), BUNA-N (0°F kuya ku-200°F), iViton (-10°F kuya ku-400°F), noma i-PTFE (-100°F kuya ku-450°F) isetshenziselwa izivalo ezithambile; izinto zensimbi ezifana nensimbi engagqwali noma i-Inconel zisetshenziselwa izivalo eziqinile ezishisa kakhulu.
- I-Actuator: Isebenza ngesandla (ngesibambo, igiya) noma inikwe amandla (ngomoya, ngogesi).
- Ukupakisha kanye nama-gasket: Qinisekisa ukuthi izivalo ezivalekile ziqinile phakathi kwezingxenye kanye nokuxhumeka kwe-flange.
Lezi zingxenye zisebenza ndawonye ukuze zinikeze ukulawula okuthembekile kokugeleza.
3. Izinhlobo zamavalvu e-Flanged Butterfly
Amavalvu ebhabhathane anombala angahlukaniswa kanjena ngokusekelwe ekulinganisweni kwediski, indlela yokuqalisa, kanye nohlobo lomzimba.
3.1 Ukuqondanisa
- I-Concentric (zero offset): Isiqu se-valve sidlula phakathi kwediski futhi sinesihlalo esiqinile. Le valve ifanele ukusetshenziswa kwengcindezi ephansi enamazinga okushisa afinyelela ku-250°F.
- I-Double offset: Isiqu se-valve sivaliwe ngemuva kwediski nangaphandle kwesikhungo, okunciphisa ukuguguleka kwesihlalo. Le valve ifanele ukusetshenziswa kwengcindezi ephakathi kanye namazinga okushisa afinyelela ku-400°F.
- Ukususwa okuthathu: I-engeli yesihlalo ende enciphile idala uphawu oluphakathi kwensimbi nensimbi. Le valve ifanelekela ukucindezela okuphezulu (kufika ku-Class 600) kanye nokushisa okuphezulu (kufika ku-1200)°F) izinhlelo zokusebenza futhi zihlangabezana nezimfuneko zokungavuzi nhlobo.
3.2 Indlela Yokusebenza
Izinhlobo zokusebenzisa zifaka phakathi i-manual, i-pneumatic, i-electric, kanye ne-hydraulic ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezahlukene zokusebenza.
4. Izicelo Zemboni
Ama-valve e-butterfly a-Flanged asetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni elandelayo:
- Ukwelashwa Kwamanzi Nokungcola: Kusetshenziselwa ukulawula ukugeleza kwamanzi ezitshalweni zokwelashwa kanye nezinhlelo zokuphambukisa amanzi. - Ukucubungula Amakhemikhali: Ukuphatha ama-asidi, ama-alkali, kanye nezinyibilikisi kudinga izinto ezingagqwali.
- Uwoyela negesi: Amapayipi kawoyela ongahluziwe, igesi yemvelo, kanye nezinqubo zokucwenga.
- Izinhlelo ze-HVAC: Zilawula ukugeleza komoya namanzi kumanethiwekhi okushisa nokupholisa.
- Ukukhiqizwa Kwamandla: Kulawula umusi, amanzi apholile, kanye nophethiloli.
- Ukudla Neziphuzo: Umklamo ohlanzekile wokuphatha uketshezi olungenamagciwane.
- Imithi: Ukulawulwa okunembile ezindaweni ezihlanzekile.
- I-Marine & Pulp & Paper: Isetshenziselwa amanzi olwandle, i-pulp, kanye nokucubungula amakhemikhali.
5. Izinzuzo kanye nokungalungi kwama-Flange Butterfly Valve
5.1 Izinzuzo:
- Incane futhi ilula, inciphisa izindleko zokufaka kanye nezidingo zesikhala.
- Ukusebenza okusheshayo kokujika kwekota kanye nokuphendula okusheshayo.
- Izindleko eziphansi zamadayamitha amakhulu.
- Ukulahlekelwa umfutho ophansi uma uvuliwe, kusebenzisa amandla kahle futhi kuyasebenza kahle.
- Ifanele ukushintsha uketshezi ngokusebenza kahle kakhulu kokuvala.
- Kulula ukuyinakekela futhi iyahambisana nezinhlelo zokwenza izinto ngokuzenzakalela.
5.2 Okubi:
- Idiski yevalvu ivimba indlela yokugeleza uma ivuliwe, okuholela ekulahlekelweni kwengcindezi ethile. - Umthamo olinganiselwe wokugoqa ekusetshenzisweni komfutho ophezulu, okungase kubangele ukugoqa.
- Izihlalo zamavalvu athambile ziguga ngokushesha kakhulu ezindaweni eziklwebhayo.
- Ukuvala ngokushesha kakhulu kungabangela ukushaqeka kwamanzi.
- Eminye imiklamo idinga ama-torque okuqala aphezulu, adinga ama-actuator aqinile.
6. Indlela Yokufaka I-Butterfly Valve
Ngesikhathi sokufakwa, vumelanisa i-flange ye-valve ne-flange yepayipi, uqinisekise ukuthi imigodi yebholithi iyahambisana.
Faka i-gasket ukuze uyivale.
Vikela ngamabholidi namantongomane, uqinise ngokulinganayo ukuze uvimbele ukuphambuka.
Amavalvu ane-flange ephindwe kabili adinga ukuhambisana kwezinhlangothi zombili ngasikhathi sinye; amavalvu afana ne-lug angaboshwa ohlangothini olulodwa ngesikhathi.
Hlola inkululeko yokunyakaza kwediski ngokuqhuba ivalvu ngaphambi kokuyicindezela.
Uma ifakwa iqonde phezulu, isiqu sevalvu kufanele sibekwe ngokuvundlile ukuze kuvinjelwe ukunqwabelana kwenhlabathi.
Landela njalo iziqondiso zomenzi kanye nezindinganiso zokuhlola ezifana ne-API 598.
7. Izindinganiso kanye neMithethonqubo
Amavalvu ebhabhathane acwebezelayokumele ihambisane nezindinganiso zokuphepha kanye nokusebenzisana:
- Idizayini: API 609, EN 593, ASME B16.34. - Ukuhlola: API 598, EN 12266-1, ISO 5208.
- Ama-Flanges: ASME B16.5, DIN, JIS.
- Izitifiketi: CE, SIL3, API 607.(ukuphepha komlilo).
8. Ukuqhathaniswa namanye ama-Valve
Uma kuqhathaniswa nama-valve esango, ama-valve e-flanged butterfly asebenza ngokushesha futhi anikeza amandla okugoba, kodwa awamelani kancane nokugeleza.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nama-ball valve, ashibhile kakhulu kuma-diameter amakhulu, kodwa alahlekelwa yingcindezi ephezulu ngesikhathi sokuvula.
Amavalvu e-Globe anikeza ukugoqa okungcono ngokunemba, kodwa makhulu futhi ayabiza kakhulu.
Sekukonke, ama-valve e-butterfly ahamba phambili ezinhlelweni ezincishisiwe futhi ezibiza kakhulu.