Esihlokweni esandulele, sikhulume ngama-valve esango kanye ne-globe, namuhla sidlulela kuma-valve e-butterfly kanye nama-valve okuhlola, avame ukusetshenziswa ekuhlanzeni amanzi.
1. Ivalvu Yebhabhathane.
I-valve yebhabhathaneiyivalvu ejikelezayo esebenzisa idiski (eyaziwa nangokuthi ipuleti levemvane) ukuvula nokuvala ilungu ukuze lijikeleze ama-90° noma cishe ama-90° ukuvula nokuvala isiteshi. Ukunyakaza kwediski yevalvu yevemvane kuyasula, ngakho-ke amavalvu amaningi evemvane angasetshenziswa kuma-media anezinhlayiya eziqinile ezilengayo.
Amavalvu ebhabhathane asetshenziswa kakhulu ahlanganisa amavalvu ebhabhathane e-wafe kanye ne-flanged. Ivalvu yebhabhathane yohlobo lwe-wafer isetshenziselwa ukuxhuma ivalvu phakathi kwama-flange amabili epayipi ngama-stud bolts, kanti ivalvu yebhabhathane yohlobo lwe-flange ine-flange ku-valve, kanti ama-flange kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zevalvu axhunywe ku-flange yepayipi ngama-bolts.
Izici:
1.Usayizi omncane, ubude obufushane, isakhiwo esilula kanye nesisindo esincane.
2. Kulula ukuyisebenzisa, ukuvulwa nokuvalwa okusheshayo, udinga kuphela ukuzungezisa idiski ngo-90° ukuze uvule futhi uvale.
3. Ukusebenza kahle kokuvala nokulungisa. Ngenxa yokuthi irabha isetshenziswa njengendandatho yokuvala, ukucindezela nokuqina kuhle (okungukuthi, ngeke kuqine), ngakho ukusebenza kokuvala kuhle. . I-valve flap ingavulwa phakathi kuka-15° no-70°, futhi ingenza ukulawula ukugeleza okubucayi.
4. I-torque encane yokusebenza kanye nokumelana noketshezi. Ngokwezilinganiso, ukumelana koketshezi kwama-valve e-butterfly kuncane kunokwezinye izinhlobo zama-valve ngaphandle kwama-valve ebhola.
5. Ngenxa yokulinganiselwa kwezinto zokuvala, ingcindezi yokusebenza kanye nobubanzi bokushisa bokusebenza kwe-valve yebhabhathane kuncane kakhulu.
2. Hlola i-Valve
Ukusetshenziswa kanye nezici:
I-valve yokuhlolaiyivalvu esetshenziselwa ukuvimbela ukugeleza emuva kwemidiya epayipini, iyavuleka lapho i-medium igeleza phansi komfula bese ivala ngokuzenzakalelayo lapho i-medium igeleza emuva. Ngokuvamile esetshenziswa epayipini ayivumeli i-medium ukuthi igeleze ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuze kuvinjelwe ukugeleza emuva komonakalo wemishini nezingxenye. Lapho iphampu iyeka ukusebenza, ungabangeli ukuguqulwa kwephampu ejikelezayo. Epayipini, hlola amavalvu namavalvu avaliwe asetshenziswa ochungechungeni. Lokhu kungenxa yokuvalwa kabi kwevalvu yokuhlola, lapho ingcindezi yemidiya incane, kuzoba nengxenye encane yokuvuza kwemidiya, isidingo samavalvu avaliwe ukuqinisekisa ukuvalwa kwephayiphi. Ivalvu engezansi nayo iyivalvu yokuhlola, kumele ifakwe emanzini, ifakwe ngqo ephampini ayikwazi ukuzilungiselela noma ingabi nepayipi lokufutha amanzi elinomoya opholile ngaphambili.
Ukwehluleka okuvamile kwevalvu yokwelapha amanzi kanye nezindlela zokulinganisa
Uma i-valve isebenza isikhathi esithile, kuzoba nokwehluleka okuhlukahlukene. Okokuqala, inani lezingxenye ezihlobene nokwakheka kwe-valve, izingxenye eziningi ziyiziphazamiso ezivamile. Okwesibili, ngomklamo we-valve, ukwenziwa, ukufakwa, izimo zokusebenza, izinzuzo kanye nokungalungi kokugcinwa. Ukwehluleka okuvamile kwe-valve okungenawo amandla kuhlukaniswe ngezigaba ezine.
1. Ukwehluleka kokudlulisela
Ukwehluleka kwedivayisi yokudlulisa kuvame ukubonakala njengokuqhekeka kwesiqu se-valve, ukusebenza okungaguquki noma i-valve ayikwazi ukusebenza. Izizathu ziwukuthi: i-valve ivaliwe isikhathi eside ngemva kokugqwala; ukufakwa nokusebenza komonakalo ongafanele ezintanjeni zesiqu noma ku-nut yesiqu; isango livalwa emzimbeni we-valve yizinto zakwamanye amazwe; isango livame ukuvuleka ingxenye futhi livalwe ingxenye, ngamanzi noma eminye imiphumela iholela ekungalungini kwezikulufo zesiqu kanye nokungalingani kwentambo ye-nut yesiqu, ukukhululeka, isenzakalo sokuluma; ingcindezi yokupakisha iqine kakhulu, ibambe isiqu; isiqu siphezulu noma ukuvalwa kwezingxenye kuvinjiwe. Ukugcinwa kufanele kube izingxenye zokushayela ezigcotshwe ngotshani. Ngosizo lwesikrufu, kanye nokuthepha kancane, ungasusa isenzakalo sokuqhekeka, ukubekwa phezulu; yeka ukulungiswa kwamanzi noma ukushintshwa kwe-valve.
2. Ukuqhuma komzimba we-valve eyonakele
Izizathu zokuqhekeka komzimba wevalvu ezilimele: ukwehla kokumelana nokugqwala kwezinto zevalvu; ukuhlaliswa kwesisekelo sepayipi; ukushintsha kwengcindezi noma umehluko wokushisa kwenethiwekhi yepayipi; isando samanzi; ukuvala ukusebenza okungafanele kwevalvu njalo njalo. Kufanele ususe ngokushesha izimbangela zangaphandle bese ushintsha uhlobo olufanayo lwezingxenye zevalvu noma amavalvu.
3. Ukuvuza kwevalvu
Ukuvuza kwevalvu kubonakala kanje: ukuvuza kwe-valve stem core; ukuvuza kwendlala; ukuvuza kwe-flange gasket. Izimbangela ezivamile yilezi: ukuguguleka kwe-valve stem (valve shaft), ukugqwala, ukuvala imigodi engaphezulu, ukuxebuka; ukuguga kwe-seal, ukuvuza; ama-gland bolts, ama-flange bolts akhululekile. Ukulungiswa kuyakhula, shintsha indawo yokuvala; shintsha inathi entsha ukuze ulungise isikhundla sebhawodi lokubopha.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi hlobo luni lokwehluleka uma ukulungiswa okuvamile, ukulungiswa kungafiki ngesikhathi, kungabangela ukungcola kwamanzi, noma okubi nakakhulu, kubangele ukuthi lonke uhlelo lungasebenzi. Ngakho-ke, abasebenzi bokulungisa amavalvu kumele babe nezimbangela zokwehluleka kwamavalvu ukuze benze umsebenzi omuhle, balawule futhi basebenzise ivalvu ngendlela enembile, baphathe ngesikhathi esifanele futhi banqume ukwehluleka okuhlukahlukene okuphuthumayo, ukuze bavikele ukusebenza okuvamile kwenethiwekhi yokwelapha amanzi.
4.ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kwevalvu akukuhle
Ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kwevalvu akusebenzi kahle kwevalvu akuvuliwe noma akuvaliwe, ivalvu ayikwazi ukusebenza ngokujwayelekile. Izizathu yilezi: ukugqwala kwesiqu sevalvu; isango elivalekile noma isango livaliwe isikhathi eside esimweni sokugqwala; isango livaliwe; izinto zangaphandle ezibhajwe ebusweni bokuvala noma emseleni wokuvala; izingxenye zokudlulisa ziyaguga, ziyavaleka. Ukubhekana nesimo esingenhla ukulungiswa, izingxenye zokudlulisa ukuthambisa; ukuvulwa nokuvalwa okuphindaphindiwe kwevalvu kanye nomthelela we-hydrodynamic wezinto zangaphandle; ukushintshwa kwevalvu.